HLS Product 2

FAQ: Interpreting

What is the difference between simultaneous and consecutive interpreting?

Simultaneous interpreting is very difficult and can only be done well by the most experienced interpreters. The most common example of simultaneous interpreting can be seen in the work done by United Nations interpreters. When this method is used, the speaker continues his or her remarks without pause while the interpreter renders the speakers comments into the foreign language almost immediately. This is a very labor intensive process and generally requires two or more simultaneous interpreters, working in shifts.

Consecutive interpreting is the more common practice. In this situation, the speaker is required to pause regularly to allow the interpreter to then render the remarks into the foreign language. Consecutive translation takes more time and somewhat disrupts the flow of the speaker's remarks, but is also generally more accurate.

Back to Top

What are the differences between various levels of interpreters?

"Highly experienced" level interpreters are the best and most experienced interpreters in the field. They are able to do both simultaneous and consecutive interpreting. Because of the high level of experience required to qualify for this level, they are generally able to handle all subject matter areas. As with most professionals, however, even "highly experienced" level interpreters tend to specialize in particular fields.

"Experienced" level interpreters are journeyman interpreters who are generally able to do simultaneous interpreting, when working as part of a team, and fully competent to do all types of consecutive translation. They are experienced in most subject matter areas. They are more experienced that "less experienced" level interpreters, but not as experienced as "highly experienced" level interpreters.

"Less experienced" level interpreters are newly trained interpreters who generally do not have a great deal of experience. They cannot perform simultaneous interpreting, but are generally competent to handle most consecutive interpreting assignments, particularly if the assignment does not include highly specialized subject matter.

Back to Top

What can I do to help my interpreter be more effective?

There is no substitute for a good briefing, as far in advance of the interpreting session as possible. It is not unusual for an interpreter to handle a biotechnology conference one day, and a financial conference the next. If you have (or can make up) a list of words and phrases that are specific to the subject matter to be discussed, you will be of invaluable assistance to your interpreter. If you are aware of unique terms that are likely to be used, it is absolutely essential that you pass these along in advance of the session.

Interpreters are professionals who take pride in their work. They cannot, however, be expected to know every industry term and slang expression. To the extent that you can help your interpreter prepare for your session, the more effective your interpreter will be. In turn, your conference or session will be that much more effective. Whenever possible, try to give your interpreter lists of specialized terms several days in advance. If you have materials that place these terms in context, it is enormously valuable to the interpreter to receive these as well.

Just as you would never think of hiring an executive assistant and telling him or her "Here's your desk, get to work," you should not expect an interpreter to just step in and perform without a briefing. To the extent that you can make the interpreter aware of the subject matter to be discussed, in advance of the session, your interpreter's productivity will be that much greater.

Back to Top

What should I do during the session to help my interpreter?

Try to speak in short sentences, whenever possible. When using consecutive translation, make sure that you pause regularly to allow the interpreter to catch up. Avoid puns and metaphors that do not easily translate into the other language. Remember that interpreting is very mentally taxing and make sure that you give your interpreter regular breaks. Often, a meeting will break up and the participants will go to lunch or dinner for a more informal session. Please remember that the poor interpreter is still working during the meal.

"Brainstorming" type meetings are extremely difficult to interpret. If it is not necessary to interpret every word, please inform your interpreter of this in advance, otherwise the meeting will be slowed while the interpreter provides a complete and detailed translation.

Please also remember that consecutive interpreting doubles the amount of time required for a session. Please take this into consideration when making your plans so that you will not be rushed.

Back to Top

How many interpreters do I need for simultaneous interpreting?

It all depends on the nature of the session. If you are planning an intense, highly detailed conference, then you should plan on having two to three simultaneous interpreters, each working shifts of fifteen minutes. These sessions are extremely taxing mentally for the interpreters and require frequent rest periods. If you are planning a more informal session that will not last too long, then it may be possible to have just one simultaneous interpreter. You should always consult with the interpreter well in advance to make sure that you have sufficient resources on the day of the session.